Since I discovered PCPs (a decade ago) I have been interested in ways to increase their air efficiency.
I have so far used the SSS and BStaley because of their simplicity, and not having advanced mechanical skills and tools (lathe, drill press, etc).
This is an AI report summarizing them.
All experts and spectators are invited to comment
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In PCP (pre-charged pneumatic) airguns, SSS, SSG, TSS, and BStaley are all tuning methods designed to increase air efficiency by minimizing or controlling "hammer bounce".
Hammer bounce occurs when the hammer strikes the valve, and the air pressure forces the hammer back, which then re-strikes the valve.
This wastes air and reduces shot-to-shot consistency. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
SSS (Short Stiff Spring)
* Mechanism: An SSS uses a shorter, stiffer hammer spring that provides a gap between the spring and the hammer when uncocked. This allows the hammer a short "free-flight" before it strikes the valve.
* How it works: When the hammer rebounds from the valve, the stiff spring resists being compressed a second time, preventing subsequent strikes and reducing air waste.
* Pros:
* Effective at reducing hammer bounce and conserving air.
* Cons:
* The stiffer spring significantly increases the cocking force required. [1]
SSG (Stopping Spring Guide)
* Mechanism: An SSG evolved from the SSS by adding a spring guide that stops the spring from moving forward just before the hammer strikes the valve. This creates a controlled "free-flight" for the hammer.
* How it works: When the valve closes and throws the hammer back, the hammer collides with the preloaded spring guide, which absorbs the energy and prevents the spring from relaunching the hammer.
* Pros:
* Combines the anti-bounce benefits of the SSS with a much lighter cocking effort.
* Reduces the "ping" sound often heard during the shot cycle.
* Cons:
* Installation may require some modification of the airgun. [1, 2, 3, 6]
TSS (Twin Spring System)
* Mechanism: The TSS uses two springs, typically in a coaxial or nested arrangement, to minimize hammer bounce.
* How it works: The springs work together to provide the necessary striking force while dampening the rebound of the hammer. This effectively prevents multiple valve openings.
* Pros:
* Provides excellent control over hammer bounce and can improve shot count.
* Installation is often simpler than an SSG and may not require permanent modifications.
* Allows for lighter hammer weights while maintaining power, which can smooth out the firing cycle.
* Cons:
* Performance can vary depending on the quality of the specific TSS kit. [7, 8, 9, 10, 11]
BStaley (O-ring buffer mod)
* Mechanism: The BStaley mod is a simple, low-cost tune that involves placing one or more O-rings directly in front of the valve face.
* How it works: The O-rings act as a soft buffer for the hammer, dampening its impact and preventing it from bouncing and re-opening the valve.
* Pros:
* Inexpensive and easy to perform.
* Can significantly increase shot count and shot-to-shot consistency, especially on unregulated PCPs.
* Cons:
* Most effective when tuning for a lower to moderate power level.
* Can alter the power curve and may not be suitable for maximum velocity setups.
* Requires proper placement and selection of O-rings to avoid affecting valve operation. [12, 13, 14, 15, 16]
Choosing the right system
The best system for you depends on your priorities:
* For the lowest cocking effort with top-tier efficiency: The SSG is often the preferred choice, assuming you are comfortable with a more involved installation process.
* For maximum ease and simplicity with excellent results: The TSS is the best "bang for the buck" for many platforms, offering great efficiency with a very simple, often tool-free, adjustment system.
* For a budget-friendly fix: The BStaley mod is a simple and cheap way to gain a large improvement in shot count and consistency on many models, particularly when tuning for moderate power.
* For a straightforward but less-forgiving mod: The SSS provides an effective solution but comes with a trade-off of higher cocking force due to the stiffer spring. [1, 2, 7, 13, 14]
AI provided references.
[1]
https://hardairmagazine.com/ham-columns/conserving-air-in-pcps-hammer-bounce-and-the-ssg/ [2]
https://airgunguild.com/index.php?topic=632.0 [3]
https://www.airgunnation.com/threads/pros-and-cons-of-ssgs.763861/ [4]
https://www.pyramydair.com/blog/2024/01/about-pcps-and-tuning-part-one/ [5]
https://www.airgunsofarizona.com/blog/2009/01/steve-from-ncs-wicked-cool-air.html [6]
https://hardairmagazine.com/ham-columns/bobs-guide-to-tuning-unregulated-pcps/ [7]
https://www.jsairrifles.com/2024-MarauderArmada-Twin-Spring-System-TSS-Gen-2_p_34.html [8]
https://www.airgunnation.com/threads/pros-and-cons-of-ssgs.763861/ [9]
https://www.vividracing.com/coilovers-c-4210.html [10]
https://www.scribd.com/document/87442915/Daystate-Catalogue-10 [11]
https://www.wingtactical.com/blog/singlestage-vs-twostage-triggers/ [12]
https://www.airgunnation.com/threads/ssg-huma-reg-b-staley-vs-stock-prod.1252564/ [13]
https://www.airgunnation.com/thread...ion-1-bstately-modification-for-prod.1170428/ [14]
https://www.airgunnation.com/threads/1720t-mod-question-4-o-ring-bstaley-mod-is.515111/