I've dealt with theft a few times, and my faith in law enforcement is low.
They have the option to enforce the law or not. But they can gather evidence and statements which have legal grounds.
The last time was an out of State stolen check (thought to be friend, coworker). I was told the Bank would only seek restitution, but I should contact the prosecutor in the city the crime was committed and see if they would pick up the case. They direct law enforcement on how to proceed or not to... hint.
I understand your frustration, but I can assure you the problems lay far deeper. It is simple for a person to lay blame on law enforcement. In fact, it is the easiest thing to do. The real issue lays with the legislature and the laws they create, along with the public(s) misunderstanding of those laws and what some of those laws are actually doing. In the United States (we the people) are in essence the govt. I will end it there because I don't want to go political and jump off of the op.
With your statements about discretion; that is true to a certain degree and yes we all know there are bad or lazy cops out there, just like every other profession. However, there are also dept. policies about how some investigations must be conducted and/or reported.
With regard to check fraud. The real victim in the case is typically the bank since they more than likely reimbursed your friend. This doesn't mean charges couldn't be filed if the identity of the supect can be proven. Figuring out who the suspect is often a huge issue. One of the most frequent issues law enforcement faces in these types of cases actually lies with the victim's believe it or not. (Let me explain)
Checks and/or credit cards frequently get stolen and are used to obtain cash or make fraudulent purchases like gift cards at Target. When the victim reports the theft to law enforcement, they need certain documentation to get the investigation going. Some of this can be time sensitive because banks and businesses only hold data/video for so long.
Law enforement needs:
-Bank(s) names
- associated accounts with acct #(s)
-associated credit card types and #'s
-bank statements showing the fraud
-specific times and places the card or check was cashed so they can obtain transaction info from the business.
Without this, a warrant would need to be written for the bank(s) associated with the fraudulant transactions. This is far more difficult and it may take months to receive any info from the bank(s). As a result, any footage from say Target may be lost by the time the info was received. Even worse could be if it was an online transaction out of the country.
Secondly, just because law enforcement receives surveillance footage does not mean identification can or will ever be made. It could be due to the quality of the cameras, clothing like facemasks, etc....
With regards to jurisdictional issues. Unless there is a federal crime of great magnitude, the county and state where the crime was committed is often who investigates it. I can't speak for all states as I only reside in Ca. There is simply way to many cases of fraud, theft, possessing stolen property out there and agencies can become over whelmed to the point that they may not even do much of an investigation if there is not solid evidence and far worse crimes occurring in their jurisdiction. Further, a lot of this could also be attributed to uncooperative victim(s) who fail to provide any of the above mentioned documention after the initial report was filed.
If you would like to PM me with more specific questions, I would be glad to assist anyone with increasing their knowledge. I just hope you can trust me when I say it isn't always law enforcements fault on why nothing happened with a case. As mentioned earlier, beyond a reasonable doubt is what the prosecution must prove to convict. What is sad is cases often get thrown out due to a juror or two not finding guilt, even with solid evidence.
A prime example is with people driving under the influence of marijuana, which is practically legal in Ca now. Well; How many jurors use weed and drive? You can see how this can present an issue because of one's beliefs and experiences.