The perfect pellet. One man's quest.

Zoey

Member
Dec 15, 2016
174
7
I haven't been a "serious" AG shooter for very long, but I've been around long enough to know that many of you are on what seems to be a never ending quest to find the perfect pellet for your gun. This post will be an ongoing process, and as I progress through this journey, I will add more information/results. I encourage the members at large to contribute to my expedition by making helpful suggestions and questioning my methodology.

I thought I would share with you my journey and my findings along the way.

First, a little background:

This will not be absolutely scientific. I did not take statistics in school, and my background is in emergency medicine. Therefore, please don't expect large math equations and graphs.

All shooting will be done with an AGT Vulcan Gen4 5,5 (.22cal) Bullpup sporting a Schmidt Bender PMII 6-24x56 scope. Shooting will be off of a bubble-leveled Bald Eagle front stand and a rice filled rear bag. Gun cant will be marginalized by a Flatline Ops bubble level. Testing will be completed in an indoor range at a distance of 23 meters, and verified by laser range finder. Confirmation of zero will be completed prior to each day's shooting. There will be only one shot per bullseye. Pellets will be JSB Exact Jumbo Heavy Diabolo 18,13gr.

Where I started

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If I'm honest, I chose the JSB Pellets simply because the Vulcan shooters indicate that they, and the AA Diabolo Field's, were the most accurate in their guns. I ordered a tin of the AA's, and was somewhat disappointed with the results. In addition, the skirt is much more thin on the AA's when compared to the JSB's. Because of this, a lot of pellets arrived to me damaged.

I do realize that at the end of the day, the JSB may or may not be my gun's true love. However, without testing, I will never know.

The first step in the process was to wash and dry the ~1000 pellets. They were carefully placed in a plastic container with a small amount of Dawn wash up soap and hot water. They were gently swirled for a few minutes, and then thoroughly rinsed with hot water. The pellets were then put on a cloth towel and completely dried with a hairdryer.

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Following a good washing, the pellets were divided by head size using a PelletGauge. Pyramid Air indicates that their JSB pellets have a head size of 5.52. However, here are the sizes I found to be within two tins:

5.50
5.51
5.52
5.53
5.54
5.55

After head measuring, all of the pellets were segregated by size for the next step:

*NOTE: I purposely did not lubricate the pellets prior to the next step. I found that the lubricant caused the pellets to stick to the glass, and not roll consistently.

The tabletop "device" in the photo above is what I am using to Yrrah roll the pellets. It's actually a glass framed photograph in which I have taped two rulers to. The red ruler is to insure that I always start the roll at the same place, and the bluish ruler is to determine where the pellet stops. Once I figure out what size and head-to-skirt ratio is the best, I will build an actual table with the exact same dimensions. *TIP: a glass top is great to write on with a dry-erase marker.

To further explain the Yrrah method, I place a pellet on the glass top with the skirt facing me. Each pellet is placed on the exact same ruler marking (red & white ruler), and both the head and skirt are touching the ruler before letting go of the pellet. Any pellet that rolls away from the ruler askew is re-rolled.

The pellet then rolls in an arc due to the difference in head-to-skirt size, and stops at the bluish colored ruler. Where the head lands in relation to the ruler markings determines its segregation.

The "Yrrah table" is set to a 1º angle. I chose this as it is just enough to get the pellet rolling (in most cases), yet not so steep that the pellet slides on the glass.

Each pellet was Yrrah rolled and subdivided by final roll length. Any that fell out of the low or high-end of measurement were rolled a minimum of three times until a consensus was obtained. In addition, defective pellets (e.g. bent skirt, oblong, excessive short/long roll, "odd" sounding roll) were removed from the bunch.

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After rolling, I ended up with 177 defective pellets (17.7%). By only a slight margin, damaged skirts were the most prevalent cause of elimination. The other major causation was head-to-skirt ratio being far too large or small.

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Here are the results of about 6 hours of "fun".

The final step before shooting was to lubricate the pellets.

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I had intended to use Powerpel Pellet Lube, but obtaining it stateside (and at a reasonable price) proved to be problematic for me. As an alternative, I decided to try "White Lightning Clean Ride" (WL) bicycle chain wax lube. After shooting around 500 lubed pellets, I can report that my barrel does remain much cleaner than shooting out of the tin. It does seem to improve accuracy, but only slightly. Gone are the days of black-coated fingers, and my chronograph shows an increase of 16fps with JSB Exact Jumbo Diabolo 18,1gr pellets.

The WL was transferred into an eye glass cleaning solution bottle. This bottle produces a nice fine mist. The foam pads of an empty pellet tin were liberally sprayed with WL and a small portion of pellets were added to the tin along with the foam pads. After putting the pellets into the tin, they were sprayed with one pump of the WL. The tin was then gently rolled for approximately 1 minute. *Note: it's important to shake the WL bottle prior to each use as it will separate quickly.

The pellets were then transferred from the tin into labeled plastic bags. The bags were left open in order to allow the WL to off-gass for 30 minutes prior to closure.

In my next post I will be reporting on the results of shooting. Most likely, I will only get through one head size per update. I haven't decided how many pellets of each group I should shoot, and some of the groups have but a few pellets.

Cheers!
 
I'm not done yet, Joe. Stick around to see what the shooting reveals. Remember all of those "defective" pellets? As a control, I will be shooting them as well. Time to see if I've been wasting my money by tossing them out.

I just had another thought I would run by everyone (if anyone actually continues to read my rubbish). In the groups that I have enough pellets, I thought about smashing the skirts of 5, and then shooting them. It might be interesting to see if there is any POI change, and might be more meaningful than just shooting the "defective" pellets of unknown size/head-skirt diameter?
 
Really looking forwards to seeing how the sorted pellets shoot. I did a smaller version of this with unsorted H&N FT 14.66 grain pellets from tins sold as 5.53, 5.54 and 5.55 mm, and found slightly tighter groups (at 50 yds) with 5.54, but wind made it hard for me to decide if these were really better than 5.55. Afterwards, pellet gauge sampling revealed a similar (spread of) sizes in 5.54 and 5.55 mm, so I'm not sure if difference was real. I was shooting a Daystate Air Wolf set at 20 ft lbs. My only clear conclusions after this were that an indoor range, or days with no wind at all (not common where I shoot), would be a big help in choosing the perfect pellet, and that pellet sorting is pretty tedious.
 
Regal: I know for a fact that some pellets shoot better in my gun than others. When I first got the Vulcan I used some RWS pellets I had for my RWS Diana. I figured they shot great in the Diana, so they should do well in the Vulcan. I couldn't have been more wrong. Groups out of the Vulcan looked something akin to giving a monkey a hand-grenade.

One part of me believes that certain pellets shoot better than others, as evidenced above. However, the skeptic in me believes that, if the sizing is correct, most pellets from any manufacturer will shoot well. I'm not so naive as to believe that last statement to be an absolute.

I guess this could be a hypothesis for this experiment?

Tedious is a complete understatement, Regal. I'm feeling your pain, and am absolutely looking forward to sorting every single tin I buy...forever...and ever.
 
There is a very important step missing in the detailed and time consuming process. Weighing them.
If ultimate precision is your goal, weighing and sizing are the key. Ask the bench rest shooters. They are the most accuracy minded shooters who do everything possible to shoot the perfect pellets in competition.
I do not trust the head size labeled on any tins of pellets based on my own personal gauging each and every one of them from tin to tin. The final step if you want to go even further is to size them before shooting them. Run them through a specific sizing die one by one.
AJ
 
Another factor which may contribute to less than perfect accuracy after this extremely time consuming process and when all is said and done is not shooting those perfect pellets in a dedicated single shot target rifle. Only to have those perfect pellets get damaged in the cycling of the magazine and you won't know whether or not you are smashing the pellet on its way into the breech unless you have x-ray vision and can see through the magazine into the leade when closing your bolt home. Again seek the advice of the hard core bench rest shooters and AZ who would probably suggest you to shoot a RAW TM1000.
That is what he suggested to me after I bought one of his personal 22 caliber converted FWB P70 ARZ Sniper and I took his advice and bought a TM1000 in 22 caliber from a private sale which AZ already tuned and had nothing to do with that sale since I found it on my own.
He is going through my Thomas at the moment. With a Thomas, as well as the RAW TM and FWB you physically thumb in each and every pellet into the breech one at a time while being mindful to do a final inspection on that pellet as you are loading the gun. Rule of thumb, THUMB IN each and every pellet before shooting for best accuracy. I do own multi-shot guns as well but there is always that possibility that at any given moment, a pellet can get damaged while cycling through the magazine while either opening or closing the bolt home depending on the type of multi-shot gun. I get a little paranoid shooting my single shot 1701p since I can't thumb in the pellet and must rely on the probe to seat each pellet for me.
AJ
 
There are 2 detrimental factors when buying pellets. First is manufacturer over producing too many pellets without maintaining their dies or changing them out when needed and lack of final inspection. Second is damages in shipping from the manufacturer to the dealer then from the dealer to you. If you drop 20 tins of pellets in a padded shippers box from high enough, the outside of the tins will seem undamaged until you open them up a lot of damages are very hard to see especially when ordering softer lead pellets. Harder lead or alloy pellets seem less prone to damages. I think this is why so many are having excellent results with the H&N Field Target Trophy Green due to the harder alloy used which is less susceptible to damages.

Wouldn't it be just GREAT if you can just shoot your gun accurately with pellets straight out of the tins?
I believe once in a while is possible providing you get a good batch of pellets which weren't damaged in shipping.

I believe larger calibers such as 25 caliber and up would be less prone to shipping damages and would possibly do well straight out of the tins providing the manufacturing process was up to standards.

AJ
 
Zoey, don't toss them out (the rejects) surely one day you may come across a gun that likes the smaller than normal head diameters and besides they will already be sorted in batches. The less than perfect pellets may be used in lower powered guns for close range shooting and plinking. Use your perfect pellets for over 50 yards and beyond targets. The second place batch for shooting from 30-50 yards and third place batch up to 30 yards and you know the rest can do 20 yards and under or indoor 10 to 15 yard shooting. Label your batches according to weight, head size, and yardage as recommended. You can go as far as to include AAA, AA, A, B,C and so on...
100 yard and beyond shots only from your AAA batch.
Don't throw them away, you can at least use them as fishing sinkers!
AJ 
 
Thanks for the reply AJ. You are getting ahead of me, which is a good thing. I will be hand-feeding my gun as opposed to using a magazine. I know the Vulcan isn't, by any stretch of the imagination, a benchrest gun. I also know that it won't ever shoot like a benchrest. However, I am confident that it is pretty darn accurate, and with the right pellet, be even more so.

Ah yes. Weighing pellets. You are absolutely right. I started doing that with my Acaia scale, but the bloody thing takes around 6-10+ seconds to settle after every pellet is placed on it. The slightest movement of the table, a gnat sneezing, me thinking too hard, all make the scale fluctuate by 0.01g. Quite the exercise in patience if I do say so. Now, having said that, and the fact that I don't have another scale, I was going to let the weight ride. In other words, it is what it is. I'm rather chomping at the bit to get to shooting. Researching and then ordering an appropriate scale will put me behind schedule by a week or so. I know I should...

My very fist tin of pellets through the Vulcan must have been that "Once in a lifetime" tin. It was virtually bulls-on-bulls. To the point that I thought the gun was going to be "too easy". The honeymoon was over with the last pellet from that tin. From there on out, it's been hit or miss (pun intended).

Rejects. I know all about them, and Her Ladyship claims to have married one. For whatever reason, I'm pretty excited to see what happens with the damaged pellets. Will they be like shooting trap with a sawed off shotgun, or so accurate that you could shoot an individual leg off of a fly at 50 meters? My guess is that it will be a hodge-podge of results. If you think about it, there were 177 duds out of 1000 pellets. That's a fairly poor result that, over time, can be quite a costly waste. If they cost 0.02¢ each, that's around $1.77 wasted per tin. I will also say that the pellets from the two tins I am using are far from the worst looking I've come across.

 
There was a book published between the World Wars called "Magnificent Obsession", a real bodice-ripper. It was made into a major motion picture during the Golden Age of Hollywood and was a huge hit. I have never, and likely WILL never, read the book or suffer through the film; my interests aren't nearly refined enough (read: wallowing in emotional turmoil for entertainment's sake) to endure that stuff. Now, this is not to say that "One man's quest" is a waste - quite the contrary! As JoeWayneRhea said, this is a killer post. It's just that I am of the class of air gunner for whom there ARE no defective pellets. Sub-1" groups of 10, or 5 or even 3, pellets at even 25 yards are like Narwals to me: not quite mythical like the Unicorn but verging on that degree of rarity. I shoot to enjoy the sport of shooting. To "walk" the empty soda cans across the yard from 15 yds out to as far as I can safely hit 'em. To see full cans of Silly String explode from 25 yds, or better yet bleed all that lovely goo out of the through-and-through holes my .177 made. Spinners at 20 yds giving off that lovely "PLINK" sound as they circumnavigate the frame's central spine (i.e. spin). All of the simple things that a simple man with a $150 magnum springer finds fulfilling. I certainly admire the devotion to exploring the boundaries of possibility that so many of you bring to this air gun forum and I hope to be an encouragement to you dedicated maniacs for years to come. Meanwhile, just box up those "defect" pellets (.177 and .22 only, please, until I can stash enough cash out of sight to get one of those .25 Hatsan Proxima's coming out this year!) and send 'em my way. Consider me to be a kind of pellet rescue site where unwanted pellets can find a fulfilling life with the kind of care and fun that every pellet deserves, no matter how unfortunate their start in life may have been. There are Diet Dew cans to obliterate, empty veggie cans to humiliate, spinners to spin, and splatterers to splat here in Central Indiana. Carry on with your Magnificent Obsession, Zoey and the rest of you dedicated air gunners! We, the lowly springer gunners, have your backs... and any defect pellets you may need to re-home...
 
Ha, Joe! Good humor there!

ironlion: I completely understand that, in terms of applying any of the findings to your own shooting, this post will not appeal to everyone. There are things I read all the time that are in themselves interesting, yet I'd never go as far as to replicate or apply any of it to myself. As far as the damaged pellets go, I do plan on shooting them as part of the accuracy testing. I'd hate the thought of needlessly wasting pellets and money by tossing them if in fact they are "salvageable/usable".

I have posted this testing up at the "other" prominent American AG shooters web site, as well as at the largest UK AG shooters web site. The two American sites don't appear to be drawing much, if any attention and/or participation. However, the UK site is a-buzz with interest. I don't know why this is, and with all of the constant chatter about pellets and accuracy on the American sites, it's rather perplexing.

I have decided to continue posting the results on the UK site. I don't know if it is inappropriate to list that site here, so if you are one of the few that is interested, please feel free to PM me for the link to that site. Optionally, you can do a Google search using the title of this thread, which will lead you to both the American and UK forums.

Cheers
 
Very cool post, @zoey. Many of us here can relate! This stuff will bring out the OCD and addictive tendencies. It's what I love about air gunning. The actual shooting part is just that..a part of it. There's a couple things I'd like to mention here (one emergency medical guy to another) that might streamline your process. 

First: Just go and shoot every brand of pellet you have. It'll become clear which one(s) are keepers. Do this BEFORE the tedious process of sizing, washing, weighing and visually inspecting every single pellet. Shoot several groups with every one and a trend will appear. 

Then: You've narrowed your field of candidates (probably to one or two) Now you can start giving them individual attention. 

Roll testing: IMO is a waste of time IF you've already head sized with a pelletgage (have one myself- love it). Rolling pellets with a *known* head diameter only reveals the head/skirt delta. Skirts all end up the same size upon firing as they "blow into" the bore. If you keep roll testing, one trick I used was to Velcro a large, weekly pill box to the side of the table. Find a large pill box (you know, the Monday,TWTF.. kind with large 1.5"X1.5" sections. You'll find that most pellets roll into a certain "day" haha. When I was roll testing, it was only AFTER all skirts were made uniform (that's another topic). That way, rolling them revealed head size disparity and nothing else. 

Phew: Now you've quickly determined your guns favorite pellet(s) and you've quickly head sorted them with your pelletgage. Now, go shoot. Find your guns favorite SIZE of its favorite pellet. 

Now WEIGH: Take your guns favorite size of its favorite pellet and sort those by weight. The gun doesn't care if the pellet is 15.9 or 16.2 grains as long as they're all the SAME.

WASH: Now take your guns favorite size of its favorite pellet, that are all the same weight and lovingly wash, dry, inspect and lube them. 

REMEMBER: All of your hard work could be for nothing if you change the gun. Drastic power setting changes, barrel swapping, stuff like that will put you back at Sqare 1 with ammo selection.

Hope this helps(?)

Brian


 
Regarding the Yrrah roll, how do you know the pellets that land in the middle of the pack have the best head to skirt ratio. Couldn't the best head to skirt ratio for a give barrel be the ones that land on the far left or far right? Any info. would be appreciated. 

Thanks for the post Zoey. I'm an accuracy nut myself. Do everything you do except wash, but also weigh. Get a scale that doesn't take so long to settle and you'll find it much, much better. 
 
"chasdicapua"Regarding the Yrrah roll, how do you know the pellets that land in the middle of the pack have the best head to skirt ratio. Couldn't the best head to skirt ratio for a give barrel be the ones that land on the far left or far right? Any info. would be appreciated. 

Thanks for the post Zoey. I'm an accuracy nut myself. Do everything you do except wash, but also weigh. Get a scale that doesn't take so long to settle and you'll find it much, much better.
@chasdicapua In this example, you DON'T know, initially if the "Tuesday" head size is better than the Friday, etc until you take the whole box and go shoot. A trend will appear on the target. Before the pelletgage, I'd uniform the skirts, roll them into the pill box and find my rifle's favorite head size without ever knowing what it actually was! Haha. Trying to measure a .177 pellet with calipers or a micrometer is tedious and not as precise as you'd think. That's why I love the simple "go, no-go" design of the pelletgage.